In Fig. 10.19, CP and CQ are tangents to a circle with centre O. ARB is another tangent touching the circle at R. If CP = 11 cm and BC = 7 cm, then find the length of BR.


∵ CP and CQ are tangents to a circle with centre O.
∴ CP = CQ = 11 cm
Similarly, BR and BQ are tangents to the same circle
∴ BR = BQ
But    BQ = CQ – BC
= 11 cm – 7 cm. = 4 cm.
Hence, BR = 4 cm.

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From a point P, 10 cm away from the centre of a circle, a tangent PT of length 8 cm is drawn. What is the radius of the circle?


We know that, A line drawn through the centre to the point of contact

We know that, A line drawn through the centre to the point of contact is perpendicular on it.
∠OTP = 90°
Now, in right ΔOPT
OP2 = OT2 + PT(10)2 = OT2 + (8)2
⇒    100 = OT2 + 64
⇒    OT2 = 100 – 64
⇒    OT2 = 30
⇒    OT = 6 cm
Hence, Radius of the circle is 6 cm.          








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In figure PA and PB are tangents from P to the circle with centre O. R is a point on the circle. Prove that :  PC + CR = PD + DR


Since the tangents from an external point to a circle are equal in length, therefore
PA = PB, CA = CR and DB = DR
Now,    PA = PB
⇒ PC + CA = PD + DB
⇒    PC + CR = PD + DR.

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In Fig. 10.18, PA is a tangent from an external point P to a circle with centre O. If ∠POB = 115°, then find ∠APO.


∠AOP + ∠POB = 180° [Linear pair]
⇒ ∠AOP + 115 = 180
⇒ ∠AOP = 180 – 115
= 65° ∠AOP = 90
[Line drawn through the centre to point of contact]
Now, In ΔAPO,
∠OAP + ∠AOP + ∠APO = 180
⇒    90 + 65 + ∠APO = 180
⇒    ∠APO = 180 – 155
= 25°.

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Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn from an external point T to a circle with centre O, as shown in figure, are inclined to each other at angle of 100°, then what is the value of ∠POQ?


Since the angle between two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle is supplementary to the angle subtended by the line segments joining the points of contact at the centre, i.e. ∠POQ + ∠PTO = 180°
But    ∠PTO = 100° (given)
∴ ∠POQ = 180° – ∠PTQ
= 180°– ∠PTQ
= 180° – 100° = 80°. 
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